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LUG-101 Law of Torts including Motor Vehicle Accident and Consumer Protection Act 2025-26 · Odd Semester Examination, 2025-26

LLB

Q1 (7x2=14)

    1. Define Tort and distinguish it from Crime.
    2. Explain the maxim 'Injuria Sine Damno'.
  2. Explain the doctrine of 'Vicarious Liability' of the State (Sovereign Immunity) with reference to the case of State of Rajasthan v. Mst. Vidyawati.
  3. Discuss the rule of 'Strict Liability' laid down in Rylands v. Fletcher. What are its exceptions?

Q2 (7x2=14)

    1. Explain the defense of 'Plaintiff the wrongdoer'.
    2. Write a short note on the defense of 'Judicial and Quasi-Judicial Acts'.
  2. Explain the maxim 'Volenti non fit injuria'. What are the limitations to this defense?
  3. What is meant by 'Inevitable Accident'? Distinguish it from 'Act of God'.

Q3 (7x2=14)

    1. Distinguish between Assault and Battery.
    2. Write a short note on 'False Imprisonment' referring to Bhim Singh v. State of J&K.
  2. Define 'Negligence'. Discuss the essentials of negligence with reference to Donoghue v. Stevenson.
  3. Explain the principle of 'Absolute Liability' in hazardous activities with reference to M.C. Mehta v. Union of India.

Q4 (7x2=14)

    1. Discuss the shift from Caveat Emptor to Caveat Venditor.
    2. Who is a 'Consumer' under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986?
  2. Explain the aims and objectives of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
  3. Describe the constitution and role of 'Consumer Protection Councils' at the Central and State levels.

Q5 (7x2=14)

    1. What are the powers of Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies?
    2. What remedies are available to a consumer under the Act?
  2. Explain the Redressal Mechanism under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 with special reference to the District Forum.
  3. Discuss the jurisdiction and procedure for filing a complaint before the State Commission and National Commission.

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