Injunctions (ss. 36-42): temporary, perpetual and mandatory injunctions, when refused, negative agreements
LUG-103 Law of Contract including Specific Relief Act & Sale of Goods Act, Unit IV: Injunctions (ss. 36–42). · LLB · 60 min
Part III of the Specific Relief Act, preventive relief. The lecture takes the kinds of injunction in turn: temporary injunctions under s. 37(1) and Order 39 CPC with the three tests of Dalpat Kumar; perpetual injunctions under ss. 37(2) and 38; mandatory injunctions under s. 39 with Dorab Cawasji Warden on interim mandatory relief; damages under s. 40; the bars of s. 41, including the 2018 clause (ha) on infrastructure projects; and s. 42 on negative stipulations with Lumley v. Wagner, Warner Bros v. Nelson, Gujarat Bottling and Percept D'Mark. The distinctions the examiner loves, mandatory v prohibitory and temporary v perpetual, are tabulated.
Objectives
- Define an injunction and classify injunctions as temporary or perpetual, prohibitory or mandatory, with the governing sections.
- State and apply the principles governing a temporary injunction (prima facie case, balance of convenience, irreparable injury) and Order 39 rules 1-2 CPC.
- Explain when a perpetual injunction is granted under s. 38 and a mandatory injunction under s. 39, and distinguish mandatory from prohibitory injunctions.
- List the cases in which an injunction is refused under s. 41, including clause (ha) on infrastructure projects.
- Apply s. 42 and the negative-stipulation cases to a contract of personal service or an exclusive dealing agreement.
Slides
- Preventive relief: s. 36 and the kinds of injunction
- Temporary injunctions: s. 37(1) and Order 39 CPC
- The three tests: Dalpat Kumar; conduct and Gujarat Bottling
- Perpetual injunctions: ss. 37(2) and 38
- Mandatory injunctions: s. 39 and Dorab Cawasji Warden
- The distinctions the examiner asks
- Damages (s. 40) and when an injunction is refused (s. 41)
- Section 42: negative agreements, from Lumley v. Wagner to Percept D'Mark
- Injunctions in practice: pleading, undertaking, disobedience, limits
- How the examiner asks it
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